I've been making missing panels for my Denford MIRAC lathe and this entailed matching up to existing holes in the frame, where there was no access to the rear - so 'spotting through' wasn't an option.
Now having finished the job more or less successfully by careful measurements I remembered a little simple tool I'd seen years ago that would have made the job SO much easier
So I thought in true 'locking the stable door after the horse has bolted' fashion I'd make one and document it.
Trivial in the extreme it consists of two thin bits of sheet metal fixed together with a hole at the unfixed end that on the lower blade has a volcano shaped dimple erupting from it, that can be used to feel the hole to be located. Co-incident with this dimple in the lower blade is a hole in the upper blade that can be used for your scriber or centre punch to mark the hole in your new panel.
. . . simples

So I used a couple of bits of tin plate. Clamped and blued the upper one, and scribed a centre line. Marked and drilled two 3 mm holes for bolts. Fitted a single nut and bolt, then drilled a 1 mm hole through both blades at the 'business end'. This 1 mm hole in the lower blade was used to locate a large centre punch, and using it against a soft material (a block of lead that I keep on the bench) I could raise the 'volcano' dimple. The hole in the upper blade was enlarged to 1.5 mm to suit my centre punch. Inserting the second nut and bolt and tightening it all up it was ready for use.